“It is often thought that the notion of an autonomous sphere of ‘civil society,’ separate from and largely unregulated by the state, is one that has little or no application in the ancient Greek world. There, we are told, society and state were merged into one entity, the polis - a term which, we are told, cannot be translated as either ‘society’ or ‘state,’ since it was both. The polis, so the story goes, was an organic community whose authority governed every aspect of life; and people had no sense of their own individuality apart from their role in the polis. The only conception of ‘freedom’ available to the Greeks was (according to, for example, Benjamin Constant’s famous essay ‘The Liberty of the Ancients Compared With That of the Moderns’) the freedom to participate in political life; but freedom in one’s day-to-day life was negligible and undesired.
Is this an accurate picture of Greek society?”
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